Ophthalmoscopy (funduscopy or fundoscopy) is a test that allows a health professional to see inside the fundus of the eye and other structures using an ophthalmoscope (or funduscope). It is done as part of an eye examination and may be done as part of a routine physical examination. It is crucial in determining the health of the retina and the vitreous humor.

Direct ophthalmoscopy one that produces an upright, or unreversed, image of approximately 15 times magnification.

Indirect ophthalmoscopy one that produces an inverted, or reversed, direct image of 2 to 5 times magnification